Auditing Section Research Summaries Space
A Database of Auditing Research - Building Bridges with Practice
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research summary posted May 31, 2016 by Jennifer M Mueller-Phillips, tagged 05.0 Audit Team Composition, 05.09 Group Decision-Making, 06.0 Risk and Risk Management, Including Fraud Risk, 06.08 SAS No. 99 Brainstorming – effectiveness, 09.0 Auditor JudgmentTitle:Facilitating Brainstorming: Impact of Task Representation on Auditors’ Identification of Potential FraudsPractical Implications:The results of this study are important due to the requirement of members of the audit engagement team to identify potential fraud. The results of this study identify a method of improving auditor performance of identifying potential frauds at both the individual brainstorming stage and the subsequent group brainstorming stage. Because the effectiveness of the group brainstorming session is dependent on the quality and quantity of inputs from the individual auditor brainstorming sessions, the present study suggests a simple intervention regarding task representation to improve the performance of these inputs. Specifically, auditors considering potential fraud categories (e.g., revenue recognition, inventory, etc.) one by one, as opposed to all at once, identify a greater quantity and quality of potential frauds. By improving both the individual and group brainstorming stages, auditors are less likely to overlook potential fraud.
Citation:Chen, W., A. S. Khalifa, and K. T. Trotman. 2015. Facilitating brainstorming: Impact of task representation on auditors’ identification of potential frauds. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory 34 (3): 1-22.
- research summary posted February 17, 2016 by Jennifer M Mueller-Phillips, tagged 05.0 Audit Team Composition, 05.09 Group Decision-Making, 09.0 Auditor Judgment, 09.09 Impact of Consultation on Judgments, 09.11 Auditor judgment in the workpaper review processTitle:Group judgment and decision making in auditing: Past and future research.Practical Implications:
The insights highlighted in this paper from research on audit groups/teams inform one’s understanding of how best to design group interactions between auditors within the firm and with professionals outside the audit firm, including management, audit committees, and inspectors. These insights are important given the criticism audit firms have faced from regulators and inspectors over the past decade and the multi-person setting present in auditing. Further, while a large literature exists on single-person decision-making, these studies may not generalize to multi-person settings. The review also highlights the need for continued research in this area and the importance audit practitioner involvement with future research efforts.
Citation:Trotman, K., T. Bauer, and K. Humphreys. 2015. Group judgment and decision making in auditing: Past and future research. Accounting, Organizations and Society 47: 56-72.
research summary posted May 3, 2012 by The Auditing Section, tagged 05.0 Audit Team Composition, 05.05 Diversity of Skill Sets e.g., Tenure and Experience, 05.09 Group Decision-Making, 10.0 Engagement Management, 10.03 Interaction among Team MembersTitle:Globalization and the Coordinating of Work in Multinational AuditsPractical Implications:The results of this study are important for audit firms to consider when conducting multinational audits involving several different local offices. The results suggest that local offices of audit firms may modify inter-office instructions and firm audit methodologies to suit the needs of their local client, including adapting materiality levels. Additionally, results suggest that while some local offices see the worldwide audit team as their “client” other offices are focused on meeting the needs of their local client.
Citation:Barrett, M., D.J. Cooper and K. Jamal. 2005. Globalization and the Coordinating of Work in Multinational Audits. Accounting, Organizations and Society 30 (1): 1-24.
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- 01.0 Standard Setting
- 01.01 Changes in Reporting Formats
- 01.02 Changes in Audit Standards
- 01.03 Impact of New Accounting Pronouncements
- 01.04 Impact of 404
- 01.05 Impact of SOX
- 01.06 Impact of PCAOB
- 01.07 Impact of SEC Actions
- 02.0 Client Acceptance and Continuance
- 02.01 Audit Fee Decisions
- 02.02 Client Risk Assessment
- 02.03 Management Integrity Assessments
- 02.04 Predecessor Auditor Factors
- 02.05 Business Risk Assessment - e.g., industry, IPO, complexity
- 02.06 Resignation Decisions
- 03.0 Auditor Selection and Auditor Changes
- 03.01 Auditor Qualifications
- 03.02 Dismissal Decisions – impact of restatements, disagreements, fees, mergers
- 04.0 Independence and Ethics
- 04.01 Scope of Services
- 04.02 Impact of Fees on Decisions by Auditors & Management
- 04.03 Non-Audit Services
- 04.04 Moral Development and Individual Ethics Decisions
- 04.05 Ethics and Consultation
- 04.06 Reporting Ethics Breaches – Self & Others
- 04.07 Audit Firm Rotation
- 04.08 Impact of SEC Rules Changes/SarbOx
- 04.09 Individual & Team Conduct - e.g., premature signoff, underreporting hours
- 05.0 Audit Team Composition
- 05.01 Use of Specialists e.g., financial instruments, actuaries, valuation
- 05.02 Industry Expertise – Firm and Individual
- 05.03 Partner Rotation
- 05.04 Staff Hiring, Turnover and Morale
- 05.05 Diversity of Skill Sets e.g., Tenure and Experience
- 05.06 Qualifications of Engagement Quality Reviewers
- 05.07 Impact of 150-hour requirement
- 05.08 Impact of Office Size
- 05.09 Group Decision-Making
- 05.10 Impact of Diversity - e.g., gender - on Group Decision Making
- 06.0 Risk and Risk Management, Including Fraud Risk
- 06.01 Fraud Risk Assessment
- 06.02 Fraud Risk Models
- 06.03 Failure Risk Models
- 06.04 Management Integrity
- 06.05 Assessing Risk of Material Misstatement
- 06.06 Earnings Management
- 06.07 SAS No. 99 Brainstorming – process
- 06.08 SAS No. 99 Brainstorming – effectiveness
- 06.09 Litigation Risk
- 06.10 Impact of office size
- 07.0 Internal Control
- 07.01 Scope of Testing
- 07.02 Assessing Material Weaknesses
- 07.03 Reporting Material Weaknesses
- 07.04 Assessing Remediation of Weaknesses
- 07.05 Impact of 404 on Fees and Financial Reporting Quality
- 08.0 Auditing Procedures – Nature, Timing and Extent
- 08.01 Substantive Analytical Review – Effectiveness
- 08.02 Sample Selection – use of statistical sampling
- 08.03 Conclusions Based on Samples
- 08.04 Auditors’ Professional Skepticism
- 08.05 Evaluating Accruals/Detection of Abnormal Accruals
- 08.06 Earnings Management – Detection and Response
- 08.07 Interim Testing Procedures – Nature, Timing and Extent
- 08.08 Projecting Interim Testing Conclusions Year End
- 08.09 Impact of Technology on Audit Procedures
- 08.10 Confirmation – Process and Evaluation of Responses
- 08.11 Reliance on Internal Auditors
- 09.0 Auditor Judgment
- 09.01 Audit Scope and Materiality Judgments
- 09.02 Documentation Specificity
- 09.03 Adequacy of Evidence
- 09.04 Going Concern Decisions
- 09.05 Failure Risk Models
- 09.06 Adequacy of Disclosure
- 09.07 GAAP Departures
- 09.08 Evaluation of Errors – Statistical and Non-statistical
- 09.09 Impact of Consultation on Judgments
- 09.10 Prior Dispositions/Biases/Auditor state of mind
- 09.11 Auditor judgment in the workpaper review process
- 09.12 Impact of potential post-audit review - e.g., PCAOB, internal firm inspections
- 09.13 Recognition vs. Disclosure
- 10.0 Engagement Management
- 10.01 Budgeting and Audit Time Management
- 10.02 Materiality and Scope Decisions
- 10.03 Interaction among Team Members
- 10.04 Interactions with Client Management
- 10.05 Interactions with Audit Committee Members
- 10.06 Audit Fees and Fee Negotiations
- 11.0 Audit Quality and Quality Control
- 11.01 Supervision and Review – Effectiveness
- 11.02 Engagement Quality Review – Processes and Effectiveness
- 11.03 Management/Staff Interaction
- 11.04 Industry Experience
- 11.05 Training and General Experience
- 11.06 Working Paper Review – Conduct, Biases and Predispositions
- 11.07 Attempts to Measure Audit Quality
- 11.08 Proxies for Audit Quality
- 11.09 Evaluation of Evidence
- 11.10 Impact of Quality Reviewers
- 11.11 Impact of Firm and External Inspection Programs
- 11.12 Impact of National Office on Auditor Decisions
- 11.13 Partner incentive schemes
- 12.0 Accountants’ Reports and Reporting
- 12.01 Going Concern Decisions
- 12.02 Quarterly Reviews
- 12.03 Restatements
- 12.04 Investigations
- 12.05 Changes in Reporting Formats
- 12.06 Consequences of Adverse 404 Opinions
- 12.07 Attestation Services
- 13.0 Governance
- 13.01 Board/Audit Committee Composition
- 13.02 Board/Financial Experts
- 13.03 Board/Audit Committee Tenure
- 13.04 Board/Audit Committee Compensation
- 13.05 Board/Audit Committee Oversight
- 13.06 Board/Audit Committee Processes
- 13.07 Internal auditor role and involvement in controls and reporting
- 14.0 Corporate Matters
- 14.01 Earnings Management
- 14.02 Corporate Whistle Blowers
- 14.03 Interim Reporting
- 14.04 MD and A Language/Signaling
- 14.05 Earnings Targets and Management Behavior
- 14.06 CFO Tenure and Experience
- 14.07 Executive Compensation
- 14.08 Press Release Language and Signaling
- 14.09 CEO Tenure and Experience
- 14.10 CEO Compensation
- 14.11 Audit Committee Effectiveness
- 15.0 International Matters
- 15.01 Audit Partner Identification by Name
- 15.02 IFRS Changes – Impacts
- 15.03 Audit Partner Rotation
- 15.04 Audit Firm Rotation
- 15.05 Sustainability Services